Author: Sana Rehman
The significance of the research question in evidence-based
practice is very crucial. The research question provides statically proved
information to avoid the chances of malpractices (Correa-de-Araujo, 2016). The
lives of the human being are very crucial; therefore, the research question and
its scientifically proved answer through primary and secondary sources are
significant. In particular, the elderly age is very sensitive, and due to the
ageing sign, the physical, psychological, and emotional decline occurs. Most
specifically, the elderly population experience physical weakness; as a result,
their physical activity reduced to some extent.
Robust studies suggested
that in a hospital setting, the most concerned issue of elderly people is
restrained physical functioning (Rodrigues, 2014). Therefore to enhanced
elderly people's physical functioning, their health status can be enhanced. The
role of the nurse also plays a significant role in maintaining and promoting
the health functions among the elderly (Rodrigues, 2014). According to
evidence-based studies, they take care of nurses in health care centers can
enhance the quality of life and health status of the elderly. Therefore, the
significance of evidence-based research and identifying the answers to clinical
reach questions are crucial for a nurse.
The current study aims
to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention based program to enhance
the physical functioning of the elderly population. The research question has
been a break down following the PICOT method.
PICOT
Following Table Shows the Question
|
P |
Population, Patient, Problem, Setting |
Elderly population, Physical Activity |
|
I |
Intervention |
Physical Activity based Program |
|
C |
Comparison |
Lack of physical activity at home and
hospital |
|
O |
Outcome |
Improved physical activity |
|
T |
Timing |
Different times of the day |
The above table shows the breakdown of the research question in
the PICOT method. The breakdown of the research question makes the
investigation process easier (Lobiondo-wood, & Haber, Cermon and Sing,
2018).
Article 1
Daher et al. (2019) conducted a study to investigate the impact of
physical activity to enhance the quality of life and the health system. An
intervention-based prospective survey was carried out among 100 participants
with the age range of 60-69. The participants were divided into active and
control, and the active group were indulge in daily exercise for 60
minutes.
The result of the study indicates that the active group found to
be physically active as they found to have the last visit to the hospital
(0.0011), emergency room (0.0056), duration of hospital stay (0.0012), and
subsidiary test (0.023). The study provided the evidence-based answer to the
above question and recommended the intervention based program effective for
elderly physical functioning.
Article 2
Nielsen et al. (2018) conducted a study to assess the
effectiveness of the elderly activity-based intervention. For that purpose, the
nonrandom Quasi-experimental trial was used. Around 144 elderly population was
allocated the activity performance intervention and (n=231) usual practice. The
intervention comprised of these steps (a) assessment, (b) referral to further
rehabilitation and (c) follow up visits.
The results of the study suggested that no significant difference
in activity performance was observed between both groups. In other words, the
study proposed that physical activity-based intervention does not reduce the
risk of readmission in the hospital. This study contradicts the findings of the
study mentioned above, but still provides the answer for our study.
Article 3
Thomas et al. (2019) conducted a systematic study review of the
effectiveness of physical activity programs for the balanced life of the
elderly. The Medline, PUBMED, and ScienceDirect databases were consulted to
find out the relevant articles. The inclusion criteria for studies were
controlled randomized trial, the elderly with the age range of 60-65, the
sample size varied from 6 to 9, and the duration of the intervention falls
between the 8 to 32 weeks. Finally, eight articles were considered for the
final review.
The articles investigated the effectiveness of aerobic exercise, T
Bow, Balanced Training, wobble board training, Wii fit training, and adapted
physical activity. The outcome of the study suggested that the physical functioning
of elderly people improved by up to 16% to 46%. Thomas et al. (2019) study was
highly relevant to the current study question and provided a clear picture that
physical exercise significantly enhanced the physical activities of the elderly
people.
All three included articles were highly relevant to the current
study objective. The research question of the current study was to investigate
the effectiveness of the physical intervention-based program to enhance the
physical activity or functioning of elderly people. To find the answer to the
questions, three relevant articles have been retrieved from PubMed
databases.
Two articles were found to be in support of physical
activity-based intervention to enhance the physical functioning of elderly
people. In contrast, one study contradicted the above two articles and
suggested that physical activity-based interventions don’t enhance the physical
functioning of elderly people.