Movies Preferences: A Risk Factor for Fear

Author: Ushna Nawaz

Watching movies is the most significant leisure activity for people of all ages worldwide. Usually, people watch movies for entertainment in their leisure time. Unfortunately, movies are not only the source of amusement; it also imparts unpleasant and obnoxious effects on human beings (Clapp, & Beck, 2012). Such type of film not only affects psychologically but also causes physical arousal like high blood pressure, high pulse or heart rate, and changes in neurotransmitters (Brady, Warnock-Parkes, Barker, & Ehlers, 2015). The functions of movies have gone beyond the limits of entertainment and subtly influence the people's perception toward reality. The distorted perception towards reality leads to anxiety, phobias, fear, frustration and depression among people (Church, 2010) . This topic will expose how different movies, especially horror movies, cause damage to human beings.

Alex Chamberlain (1899) defined fear as an experience. According to him, fear is not deep-rooted though it is sudden. Fear helps to alert an individual that is crucial for human beings; such fear makes individual to think about various ways and to select the suitable one to escape from that situation (Cannon, 1914; Ohman&Mineka, 2001). Meanwhile, fear can also be dreadful if it rises to its peak level. A high level can develop cognitive conflict that causes anxiety which eventually converts into phobias, a state that can trigger anxiety even in the presence of a natural object (DSM-IV, 1994) although the individual is aware of the fact that this object is not harmful, he still feels frightened in its presence.
    In 1932, Bartlett, in his traced theory, explains that on the occurrence of any particular occasion few suggestions, or a few groups of suggestions, is create and retain in mind.  After that, a sudden stimulus again excites the trace, group of traces which create a further supposition, that trace by some means bring out a temporal sign, re-excitement seems to be equal to recall.    
Film series wrong turn, this movie retains a large fan base when people watch such type of movies there is more chance to trigger cognitive disturbance and are more likely to manifest fear in people. Other horror movies like conjuring and insidious that are popular movies, these movies use a particular type of settings, sounds and characters. By watching such things, people develop schema according to that, and whenever they encounter such type of situation or hear such type of sounds, they get afraid of that even if there is nothing.      
    This kind of movies can also cause a disturbance in the developing periods of children. Due to easy access to the internet, children can also easily watch this kind of stuff. Children are prohibited from watching these things, but due to prohibition, they are more curious to watch, Meyrowitz in 1986 explained through a study that horror movies are the most startling creation for school-aged children. This period of life is undoubtedly most likely to make children frighten. In addition to graphics and grisly violence, horror movies follow strict features that specifically scare children. Zoom shots, as an example, provoke a more forceful reaction to unexpected or unpleasant situations.
They usually cannot bear and understand such things and consider them as real that is the source of developing fear in childhood. This can be illustrating by considering “BOBO DOLL” experiment. Albert Bandura experimented to understand observational learning. Observational learning is the learning type; in which individual learn by watching or observing others. In his experiment, he used a plastic doll named Bobo doll. Participants were divided into two groups:
(1)    Control group
(2)    Experimental group
To recognise the difference between the two groups condition were applied to the experimental group. The experimental group was exposed to a group of adults hitting the doll aggressively, whereas the control group was neutral about the doll. After applying conditions when children were given a doll to play, children in the experimental group exhibited more aggressive behaviour towards the doll in comparison with a control group (Bandura et al., 1961).
    In the same way, when children watch frightening situations in the movies, they begin to generalise them on real-life situations and develop un-necessary fear, which causes harm to them. A study was conducted, which also proves that horror movies hurt children. It was concluded from the study that scary shows leave a negative mark on children behaviour, attitude and psychology. The children who watched television for more time manifest more fear, anxiety and stress in comparison with children who spend less time watching T.V shows (Singh, 2014).
    Timothy Sexton, in her article, cited National Institute of Mental Health study, revealed the straight realities in children of the age of five to younger, specifically little kids, horror films could manifest painful circumstances of anxiety. Sleeping disorders, aggressiveness and self-endangerment are the indicators of anxiety. 
    In 2011 Danielle Braff cited the statement of Dr George Bakris that scary films do raise heart rate and if an individual has coronary heart disease, movies can intensify chest pain and blood pressure. Horror movies affect the body physically too. A spine in adrenaline can occur when watching horror movies.